Health Benefits of Angelica (Angelica archangelica)

Is Angelica Good for You?

Angelica (Angelica archangelica) is a perennial herb native to northern Europe and parts of Asia. Known for its striking appearance and aromatic properties, angelica has been utilized for centuries in various traditional medicine systems.

The herb has tall, hollow stems, large umbrella-like clusters of greenish-white flowers, and a unique aromatic scent that has made it popular not only for its medicinal uses but also in culinary applications.

Angelica’s medicinal properties have garnered significant interest in modern herbal medicine.

This article explores the numerous health benefits of angelica, drawing from historical uses and contemporary research to provide a comprehensive understanding of its therapeutic potential.

Historical Uses of Angelica

Historically, angelica has played a prominent role in European folk medicine. During the Middle Ages, it was revered for its supposed ability to ward off evil spirits and plague.

The herb was named after the Archangel Michael, who, according to legend, revealed its healing properties to a monk during a time of plague.

In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), a closely related species, Angelica sinensis, known as Dong Quai, is renowned for its ability to balance hormones and improve blood circulation. While A. archangelica is not as commonly used in TCM, it shares many similar properties.

Key Constituents of Angelica

The therapeutic benefits of angelica are primarily attributed to its rich array of bioactive compounds. These include:

  • Essential oils: Rich in compounds such as α-pinene, β-pinene, limonene, and bisabolene, which have anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.

  • Coumarins: Such as archangelicin, which possess anticoagulant and vasodilatory effects.

  • Furanocoumarins: Including angelicin and bergapten, are known for their phototoxic properties and potential use in treating skin disorders.

  • Polysaccharides: These have immunomodulatory effects.

Health Benefits of Angelica

1. Digestive Health

Angelica is widely recognized for its ability to improve digestive health. The herb’s bitter compounds stimulate the production of digestive juices, enhancing appetite and promoting better digestion.

Traditionally, angelica root has been used to treat conditions such as dyspepsia, indigestion, and loss of appetite. Modern research supports these uses, showing that angelica can help alleviate gastrointestinal discomfort and promote healthy digestion.

2. Anti-inflammatory and Antimicrobial Properties

Angelica’s essential oils contain potent anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial compounds. These properties make the herb effective in treating infections and reducing inflammation.

Studies have shown that angelica extracts can inhibit the growth of various bacteria and fungi, supporting its traditional use in treating respiratory infections and skin conditions.

3. Respiratory Health

Angelica has been traditionally used to treat respiratory ailments such as bronchitis, coughs, and colds. The herb’s expectorant properties help to clear mucus from the lungs, while its antimicrobial effects aid in combating respiratory infections.

Inhalation of angelica essential oil or consumption of its extracts can provide relief from respiratory congestion and improve overall lung function.

4. Cardiovascular Health

The coumarins and furanocoumarins in angelica have anticoagulant and vasodilatory effects, which can benefit cardiovascular health. By improving blood flow and reducing blood clot formation, angelica helps to lower the risk of heart attacks and strokes.

Additionally, its anti-inflammatory properties contribute to maintaining healthy blood vessels and reducing the risk of atherosclerosis.

5. Hormonal Balance and Reproductive Health

Angelica, particularly in its closely related form Dong Quai, is well-regarded for its effects on hormonal balance and reproductive health. It is used to alleviate symptoms of menopause, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), and menstrual cramps.

The herb’s phytoestrogen compounds help to balance hormone levels, providing relief from hormonal fluctuations.

6. Immune System Support

Angelica’s polysaccharides have been shown to modulate the immune system, enhancing the body’s ability to fight off infections.

Research indicates that angelica can stimulate the production of white blood cells, improving the immune response. This makes the herb beneficial for individuals with weakened immune systems or those recovering from illness.

7. Anxiety and Stress Relief

The calming properties of angelica have been traditionally used to reduce anxiety and stress.

The herb’s essential oils possess sedative effects, promoting relaxation and reducing nervous tension. Incorporating angelica into aromatherapy or consuming it as a tea can help alleviate stress and improve overall mental well-being.

8. Skin Health

The furanocoumarins in angelica have shown promise in treating various skin conditions. These compounds exhibit phototoxic properties, which can be harnessed in controlled treatments for psoriasis and vitiligo.

Additionally, angelica’s antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties make it effective in treating skin infections and reducing inflammation.

Scientific Studies on Angelica

Several scientific studies have explored the health benefits of angelica, providing evidence to support its traditional uses.

Here are some key findings:

  • Digestive Health: A study published in the Journal of Ethnopharmacology found that angelica root extract significantly improved gastrointestinal motility in rats, supporting its use in treating indigestion and promoting digestion.

  • Anti-inflammatory Effects: Research published in the Journal of Natural Products identified several anti-inflammatory compounds in angelica essential oil, demonstrating its potential in reducing inflammation and treating inflammatory conditions.

  • Antimicrobial Activity: A study in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry reported that angelica essential oil exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against various bacteria and fungi, validating its traditional use in treating infections.

  • Cardiovascular Benefits: Research in the Journal of Medicinal Food found that angelica extract improved blood circulation and reduced blood clot formation in animal models, highlighting its potential to support cardiovascular health.

  • Hormonal Balance: A study in the journal Phytotherapy Research showed that angelica extract exhibited phytoestrogen activity, supporting its use in balancing hormone levels and alleviating menopausal symptoms.

  • Immune Modulation: Research published in the International Journal of Biological Macromolecules demonstrated that angelica polysaccharides enhanced the immune response in mice, indicating their potential to boost immune function.

Safety and Precautions

While angelica offers numerous health benefits, it is important to use it with caution. The herb’s furanocoumarins can cause phototoxic reactions, making the skin sensitive to sunlight.

Therefore, individuals using angelica should avoid excessive sun exposure and use sunscreen.

Angelica should also be used with caution by pregnant or breastfeeding women, as its effects on pregnancy and lactation are not well-documented.

Additionally, individuals taking anticoagulant medications should consult their healthcare provider before using angelica, as it may enhance the effects of these drugs and increase the risk of bleeding.

How to Use Angelica

Angelica can be used in various forms, including teas, tinctures, extracts, and essential oils.

Here are some common ways to incorporate angelica into your health regimen:

1. Angelica Tea

To make angelica tea, steep 1-2 teaspoons of dried angelica root in a cup of boiling water for 10-15 minutes. Strain and drink up to three times a day to improve digestion, reduce anxiety, and support respiratory health.

2. Angelica Tincture

Angelica tinctures are concentrated extracts of the herb. Follow the dosage instructions provided by the manufacturer or consult with a healthcare practitioner for personalized dosing recommendations. Tinctures can be added to water or taken directly under the tongue.

3. Angelica Essential Oil

Angelica essential oil can be used in aromatherapy or applied topically. For aromatherapy, add a few drops of angelica oil to a diffuser to promote relaxation and reduce stress.

For topical use, dilute the essential oil with a carrier oil (such as coconut or jojoba oil) and apply it to the skin to treat infections or reduce inflammation. Avoid direct sunlight after application to prevent phototoxic reactions.

4. Culinary Uses

Angelica stems and roots can be used in cooking to add a unique flavor to dishes. The stems are often candied and used as a sweet treat or a decorative garnish for desserts. The roots can be added to soups, stews, and sauces for a subtle aromatic flavor.

Conclusion

Angelica (Angelica archangelica) is a versatile herb with a rich history and a wide range of health benefits. From improving digestive health and supporting respiratory function to balancing hormones and enhancing immune response, angelica offers numerous therapeutic properties.

While more research is needed to fully understand its potential, existing studies provide strong evidence supporting its traditional uses.

As with any herbal remedy, it is important to use angelica with caution and consult with a healthcare provider, especially if you are pregnant, breastfeeding, or taking medications.

By incorporating angelica into your health regimen, you can take advantage of its many benefits and promote overall well-being.